Which QA activity is used to confirm a product meets all engineering specifications only after the manufacturing process is complete?

• A. In-Process Inspection.
• B. Final Inspection.
• C. First Article Inspection.
• D. Statistical Sampling.

Answer: (B)

Final inspection is the end-of-line check that verifies a finished product meets all engineering specifications before it is released. It occurs after manufacturing is complete, testing the entire item for conformance to dimensions, tolerances, materials, workmanship, and any required functional checks. This gate ensures that only products that fully satisfy the specifications are shipped or delivered.

In-process inspection happens during production to catch defects early and prevent propagation. First Article Inspection is performed on the initial piece or a sample before full-scale production to validate the process and setup. Statistical sampling describes how many units to inspect and can be used in various stages, but it isn’t the dedicated post-production verification.