Which role determines when it is acceptable to perform statistical sampling rather than 100% inspection?

• A. Quality Planner
• B. Quality Investigator
• C. Quality Auditor
• D. Quality Engineer

Answer: (D)

Deciding when to use statistical sampling instead of inspecting every item is a decision that belongs to the Quality Engineer. This role designs inspection methods, determines sample sizes, sets acceptance criteria, and develops the overall sampling plan based on process capability, risk, and cost trade-offs. They assess whether sampling provides enough confidence in quality without the burden of 100% inspection and ensure the plan aligns with engineering specifications and customer requirements. The other roles focus on planning and scheduling (Quality Planner), investigating root causes (Quality Investigator), or conducting audits (Quality Auditor), but they do not own the decision on when sampling is appropriate.